Isotope Effects in Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry

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Abstract
The present article shows the extent to which isotope effects are likely to be encountered in the use of isotope techniques and what problems are studied with primary and secondary isotope effects. By way of example, the results of studies on E2 reactions, particularly in the Hofmann degradation, are discussed, followed by a discussion of some “analytical isotope effects”. Finally, the problems encountered and the information that can be obtained from isotope effects studies on enzyme reactions, and the advantages and disadvantages of competitive and non‐competitive techniques are described. In addition to a survey of isotope effects in dehydrogenase reactions, new isotope effects encountered in the dehydrogenation of T‐labeled alcohols are reported.