Used an adaptation of the whole-part paradigm of negative transfer to investigate bilingual free recall with 64 Arabic-English bilingual undergraduates. No differences were observed in whole-list learning between unilingual lists and bilingually mixed lists. Part-list negative transfer was found in 2 unilingual conditions and in 1 of 2 bilingual conditions. Since the bilingual adaptation of the whole-part paradigm provides a situation where discriminability between whole and part lists is high, the observance of negative transfer in 1 bilingual condition is taken as support for a hypothesis which considers the languages of a bilingual S to be interdependent rather than independent. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)