The meaning of correlation

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Abstract
The word "correlation" ordinarily means simply mutual interdependence or interrelation, but when it was introduced into stratigraphy in the later 19th century, it was used to mean the process of determining the time relations of strata. More recently, a broader meaning has been advocated - determining equivalency or continuity in lithology or fauna as well as time relations. These different equivalencies do not necessarily agree because of facies relationships like transgression, but the criteria used to establish them overlap broadly, and ultimately the acceptability of such criteria depends on their validity in establishing the true time relations. Hence, in stratigraphy, the older narrower definition of correlation should be retained.

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