The Time of Spring Migration of the Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs and the Brambling F. montifringilla in Northern Finland

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Abstract
The times of spring migration of the chaffinch, F. coelebs, and the brambling, F. montifringilla, were studied in northern Finland during 1967-1973. The 1st chaffinches arrived usually in April and the 1st bramblings in late April or early May. The migratory period of the chaffinch occurred clearly earlier than that of the brambling. In northern Finland, several proximate factors markedly modified the progress of the migration. The arrival times of the chaffinch and the brambling were different, but the mean egg-laying period of both the finches started at the same time. Chaffinches, as a southern species, arrived well before the beginning of nesting, but to the familiar area. Bramblings, as a northern species, came only a few days before nesting and they reacted to environmental circumstances, varying their breeding grounds from year to year.