Assertive, Offensive, Protective, and Defensive Styles of Self-Presentation: A Taxonomy
- 1 November 1998
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Taylor & Francis in The Journal of Psychology
- Vol. 132 (6) , 611-628
- https://doi.org/10.1080/00223989809599293
Abstract
Classifications of self-presentational behavior are reviewed for differences and similarities. Earlier classifications and recent empirical research are used as a basis for a taxonomy of four styles of self-presentation—assertive, offensive, protective, and defensive—according to the relevant self-presentational intentions and the level of activity involved. Each style is illustrated with typical behavioral examples, together with individual differences and possible consequences.Keywords
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