Total and radiative heat transfer to an immersed surface in a gas‐fluidized bed

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Abstract
A high‐temperature heat transfer probe capable of measuring both the total and radiative heat transfer coefficients between an immersed surface and the bed has been designed, fabricated, and tested. Measurements of these coefficients in beds of 559 and 751 μm sand particles at temperatures up to 1,175 K have been made using this probe. A thermal analysis of the probe is developed in order to ensure a reliable interpretation of the measured quantities. The dependence of the total and radiative heat transfer coefficients on such parameters as bed temperature, fluidizing air velocity, and mean bed particle size are investigated. The various models proposed to describe high‐temperature heat transfer are evaluated from this perspective. The models capable of best simulating the heat transfer process with relative ease of computation are identified and evaluated using data generated in the study.