Infection Rates of Broviac-Hickman Catheters and Implantable Venous Devices

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Abstract
• We retrospectively identified and prospectively followed up 62 patients with 78 venous-access catheters over a 30-month period (15 773 catheter-days) to compare infectious complications of Broviac-Hickman catheters (n=33) and totally implantable venous devices (n=45) in pediatric oncology patients. Demographic data and characteristics of catheter use were comparable for both groups. Significantly associated with the risk of a catheter-associated infection were (1) the percentage of time the patient was neutropenic and (2) a patient age of younger than 2 years. In the Broviac-Hickman catheter group, 14 catheter-associated infections occurred in 27% of patients using catheters for an infection rate of 0.21/100 catheter-days. In the implantable venous device group, 13 infections occurred in 24% of patients using catheters for an infection rate of 0.14/100 catheter-days. The relative risk of infection from Broviac-Hickman catheters compared with implantable venous devices was 1.5, which was not significant (95% confidence interval, 0.7 to 3.2). Thus, the incidence of infectious complications was comparable for both catheter types. (AJDC 1988;142:536-540)