The anatomy of the parathyroid glands was described first by Sandstrom (1880). Collip (1925) prepared an active parathyroid extract which raised the blood calcium level in parathyroprivic as well as normal animals. At the beginning of this century cases were described with symptoms of hypofunction identical with those of postoperative hypoparathyroidism but with absence of the etiologic factor, the operation. This disease was called idiopathic hypoparathyroidism, and its chief symptoms are hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, and decreased urinary excretions of calcium and phosphorus. The values for serum phosphatase are normal. There are symptoms of tetany and neuromuscular irritability due to hypocalcemia. These characteristic metabolic features can be corrected by parathyroid hormone, as well as dihydrotachysterol. Pseudohypoparathyroidism is a rare disease which was discussed first by Albright, Burnett, Smith, and Parson (1942). They suggested the euphonic eponym of "Seabright bantam syndrome." This expression