Description and Habits of the Spruce Seedworm, (Laspeyresia youngana(Kft.) (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae)

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Abstract
Cone-infesting insects have been recognized for many years but have not attracted as much attention as some of the defoliating species. The apparent lack , of interest is quite understandable since seed destroying insects are seldom, if ever, a problem in natural reproduction. White spruce successfully reproduces, despite the numerous insects which are known to feed on the seeds. However, the increased interest in reforestation necessitates the collection of cones and extraction of the seed to supply the demands of forest nurseries. During heavy cone-crop years, enough seed must be extracted and stored to provide a supply for the years when cones are scarce. As all conifers generally produce anabundance of cones the same year, the number of bushels which may be processed for any one species is limited. As a consequence, cone-infesting insects have become a factor of considerable importance.

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