Photomultiplier characteristics and practice relevant to photon counting

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Abstract
Certain nonideal photomultiplier characteristics are particularly relevant to the practice of photon counting. The literature on some of these characteristics can be rather confusing in the description of the mechanisms involved, such as those associated with single electron response distortion, ringing in anode pulse shapes, etc. This review paper critically studies these areas and in so doing attempts to resolve them. Other relevant but well established areas are reviewed briefly and key papers referenced. The effects of photomultiplier characteristics on photon counting performance are discussed together with associated recommendations for optimum conditions, with due regard to electronic instrumentation.

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