Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to examine the long-term effect of intensive caries prophylaxis. A preventive program mainly based on professional toothcleaning was demonstrated to be highly effective against caries incidence over a 2-yr period. Five years after the termination of the test period 519 subjects, 17-21 yr of age, were reexamined. The results showed that 1) the smooth surface caries prevalence was very low, 2) a high number of the carious lesions became arrested with time, 3) a long-term effect seemed to be obtained in subjects at a high caries risk, and 4) salivary S. mutans and lactobacilli could be used for caries prediction over a 7-yr period.

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