Non-Michaelis–Menten Type Hepatic Uptake of Liposomes in the Rat

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Abstract
The objective of this study was to verify the methodology for measuring uptake clearance of liposomes and to characterize kinetically the saturable hepatic uptake of liposomes through phagocytosis. The correction of vascular space was important in the evaluationof hepatic uptake. The efflux of liposomes from liver was shown to be negligible, by a repeated dose study, and thus, hepatic clearance can be obtained by the hepatic uptake divided by the area under the blood concentration-time curve (AUC). The determinant parameter which describes the saturability of uptake clearance of liposomes, independent of infusion rate, was investigated, using the data of an in-vivo constant infusion study, where infusion rate-dependent saturable hepatic clearance was observed. The mean blood concentration failed to obtain an infusion rate-independent function. On the other hand, the AUC could explain the saturability of hepatic clearance for every infusion rate by a unique relationship. The hepatic uptake amount could also explain this saturability, independent of infusion rate. These kinetic characteristics are inconsistent with Michaelis–Menten type kinetics, therefore a new model is required to describe the saturable hepatic clearance in the disposition of liposomes.