Runoff Regime of Slopes in Continuous Permafrost Areas
- 1 January 1986
- journal article
- Published by Taylor & Francis in Canadian Water Resources Journal / Revue canadienne des ressources hydriques
- Vol. 11 (1) , 58-68
- https://doi.org/10.4296/cwrj1101058
Abstract
The hydrological regime of slopes underlain by continuous permafrost is dictated by the seasonal differences in the supplies of water and energy. Based on a study at Resolute, N.W.T., three hydrological seasons are recognized. In winter, the ground freezes, snow accumulates, and most hydrological activities on the slopes are dormant. As energy supply increases in spring, snowmelt generates considerable runoff but frozen ground restricts subsurface water movement and surface flow prevails. Summer runoff declines as the slopes become snow-free and as evaporation increases. Rainfall is often of low magnitude though occasional storms of high intensity can rejuvenate surface flow.Spatial variation in slope runoff is conspicuous. Areas below deep snowpacks or at the base of concave slopes receive abundant water supply throughout most parts of the thaw season. Otherwise, the grounds become dry soon after the melt period. It is recommended that construction works in the High Arctic should not be carried out in sp... Les variations saisonnières de l’apport en eau et en énergie influencent le régime hydrologique le long des pentes des pergélisols continus. Une étude effectuée à Resolute dans les Territoires du Nord-Ouest a établi trois saisons hydrologiques. Pendant l’hiver, le sol gèle, la neige s’accumule et les activités hydrologiques sont réduites au strict minimum. Au printemps, lorsque l’apport énergétique s’intensifie, la fonte des neiges provoque un important ruissellement, mais le pergélisol restreint le mouvement des eaux souterraines et c’est l’écoulement de surface qui prévaut. Le ruissellement estival diminue à mesure que la neige disparaît des pentes et que l’évaporation saccroît. Les pluies sont habituellement faibles bien qu’à l’occasion, d’importants orages viennent augmenter le débit de l’écoulement de surface.Le ruissellement varie e’videmment en fonction de la pente. Les secteurs situés en-dessous de gros bancs de neige ou à la base de pentes concaves recoivent beaucoup d’eau pendant presque toute l...Keywords
This publication has 13 references indexed in Scilit:
- Measurement of slope runoff in a permafrost regionCanadian Geotechnical Journal, 1983
- Upward flux of vapor from frozen materials in the High ArcticCold Regions Science and Technology, 1982
- Climate and energy balance on the arctic tundraJournal of Climatology, 1982
- Catchment hydrology of a High Arctic lakeCold Regions Science and Technology, 1981
- Evaporation at a High Arctic SiteJournal of Applied Meteorology, 1981
- Occurrence of Ice Layers at the Base of High Arctic SnowpacksArctic and Alpine Research, 1981
- An Exceptional Storm and Its Effects in the Canadian High ArcticArctic and Alpine Research, 1976
- Man-Induced Thermokarst, Sachs Harbour Airstrip, Banks Island, Northwest TerritoriesCanadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 1975
- Overland Transport of Sediment by Rill Water in a Periglacial Environment in the Canadian High ArcticGeografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography, 1975
- Origin and Significance of Wet Spots on Scraped Surfaces in the High ArcticARCTIC, 1974