Adenoviral transduction of human osteoblastic cell cultures: A new perspective for gene therapy of bone diseases

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Abstract
This article confirms the susceptibility of osteoblastic cells to adenoviral transduction. Osteoblasts were harvested from human cancellous bone. Cells were transduced, using various amounts of adenoviral vectors carrying the cDNA encoding interieukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), or the marker genes B-galac-tosidase and luciferase. Expression of the transgenes and the biological activity of IL-1Ra produced by gene transfer were measured quantitatively in a time-course by ELISA. The rate of transduction was 100% after exposure to 1 × 107 infective particles of adeno-LacZ. No expression of IL-1 Ra was seen after transduction with adeno-IL-1 Ra at titers of 1 × 104 and less. However, after transduction at titers of 1 × 107, infective particles cells expressed IL-1 Ra consistently for 72 days, with levels up to 1 ug IL-1 Ra/1 × 106 cells/ 48 hours. None of the control samples expressed detectable levels of IL-1 Ra. The biological activity of the transgenic IL-1 Ra was demonstrated by its ability to suppress successfully IL-1-induced nitric oxide synthesis by rabbit articular chondrocytes. After transduction with 1 × 107 infective particles of the adeno-iuciferase vector, up to 81,000 Units transgenic lu-ciferase/× 106 osteoblastic cells were measured 2 days after gene transfer. Our results show that adenovirus transduces osteoblastic cells at a high rate in vitro.