Studies on the Removal of Embedded Lone Star Ticks, Amblyomma americanum1

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Abstract
A method was developed for comparing the effect of various chemical agents upon the force required to detach embedded ticks. By use of this method, 31 materials were tested against adult lone star ticks (Ambylomma americanum) (L.)) embedded on rabbits ears. Several reduced the detachment pull by more than half that required to remove untreated ticks. Two materials, deodorized kerosene and camphorated phenol, caused the voluntary detachment of approximately 25% of the ticks treated. Subsequent testing with ticks attached to the backs of both rabbits and guinea pigs disclosed that considerably more force was required to detach ticks from this area than from rabbits" ears. The data suggest that use of this site for tick detachment studies provides a more realistic comparison with the problem of removal of adult embedded ticks from human beings.

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