Total blood eosinophils, serum eosinophil cationic protein and eosinophil protein X in childhood asthma: relation to disease status and therapy

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Abstract
Summary: Blood eosinophils, and serum levels of the eosinophil proteins, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and eosinophil protein X (EPX) were measured in childhood asthma. Seventeen patients mean age 11–9 years who were symptomatic with asthma, were enrolled in a study examining the eosinophil counts and eosinophil proteins at the onset of study and after treatment in relation to changes in their baseline forced expiratory volume at 1 second (FEV1) and % predicted FEV1. The patients with symptomatic asthma were compared with 17 patients mean age 12.0 years with asymptomatic asthma maintained on daily inhaled steroid and 13 patients, mean age 12.0 years, without asthma but with urticaria who served as non‐asthma controls. Patients with symptomatic asthma did not have significantly higher initial eosinophil counts compared with those with asymptomatic asthma (0.43 × 109/1 vs 0.26 × 109/1, P= 0.09) but had higher serum ECP levels (28.9 μ/1 vs 18.5 μg/1). Both asthma patient groups had significantly higher serum ECP levels (P1 (1.67 1/sec at Visit 1 vs 2.08 1/ sec at Visit 2, 11. Patients in the asymptomatic asthma group showed no significant change in FEV1 between visits (2.23 1/sec vs 2.37 1/sec), which was verified with the % predicted FEV1, Patients in the symptomatic asthma group showed a significant decrease in ECP level following treatment (28.9 μ/1 to 9.6 μ/1. P1. Neither did blood eosinophil counts show such a correlation. This data suggests that the changes in serum ECP levels correlate with the changes in lung function subsequently to anti‐inflammation therapy.