Areas of fat loss in overweight young females following an 8-week period of energy intake reduction

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Abstract
In order to investigate the main areas of fat loss after an 8-week period of energy intake reduction, the distribution of body fat was assessed on 14 females (BMI 27.3 0.83kgm 2) (mean SEM), aged 18-22 years. Total body fat was determined by hydrostatic weighing and subcutaneous fat mass and distribution were assessed using ultrasound and waist-hip circumference ratios prior to, and following, an 8-week period during which subjects attempted to reduce their energy intake by about 4.2MJ day 1. Subjects lost an average of 2.99 0.34kg (p < 0.001), with greater loss (p < 0.001) of internal fat (1.5 0.2kg) than of subcutaneous fat (0.7 0.1). Subjects reduced their waist-hip ratio from 0.771 0.01 to 0.762 0.01 (p < 0.01), their waist circumference from 807 24 to 790 23mm (p < 0.001) and their hip circumference from 1047 29 to 1037 29mm (p < 0.001). Those with an android distribution of fat (n=5) lost more weight than those with gynoid distribution (n=9) (3.80 0.38kg vs 2.54 0.14kg, p < 0.05); they also showed a greater decrease in waist circumference (27 5 vs 14 4mm, p < 0.05) and a greater loss from internal fat stores (2.1 0.3kg vs 1.1 0.2kg, p < 0.05). The findings suggest that individuals are prone to lose internal fat during a short period of reduced energy intake. As the visceral fat store is the largest internal fat depot in the body, this suggests that individuals are indeed losing fat that could predispose to upper body obesity.