EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE FOR THE TWO-DIMENSIONAL QUANTUM WIGNER CRYSTAL

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Abstract
I review recently reported observations of an electric field threshold conduction and of the related ac voltage ("broadband noise") generation in low-disorder two-dimensional electron systems in extreme magnetic quantum limit. These phenomena are interpreted as direct evidence for formation of a pinned quantum Wigner crystal. Wigner crystal melting phase diagram as a function of filling factor ν was determined from the disappearance of the threshold behavior at higher temperatures. The solid phase was found to be reentrant in that it is observed to be interrupted by the ν = 1/5 fractional quantum Hall state.

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