Stimulated electromagnetic emission: A new technique to study the parametric decay instability in the ionosphere

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Abstract
A powerful HF wave, transmitted in the O mode with a frequency not exceeding the critical F region frequency, gives rise to secondary electromagnetic radiation, filling a frequency band of several 10 kHz around the frequency of the primary wave. The spectrum of these secondary waves is richly structured. The systematically occurring spectral features are identified and described. The majority of these features can be understood by scatter processes involving Langmuir waves and low‐frequency density perturbations excited by the parametric decay instability. Other features, including a broad spectral maximum at 20 to 40 kHz on the upshifted side, are not as yet fully understood.