Mechanism of pulmonary gas exchange and CO2 transport during breath holding
- 1 September 1959
- journal article
- research article
- Published by American Physiological Society in Journal of Applied Physiology
- Vol. 14 (5) , 706-710
- https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1959.14.5.706
Abstract
Experiments describe the changes in PaCOCO2 and lung volume shrinkage during breath holding with O2 in man and the PaCOCO2, pH and CO2 content of arterial and mixed venous blood during breath holding in the dog. An explanation is offered for the aberrations in CO2 transport and exchange which occur during apnea. A self-perpetuating cycle is established during breath holding which is initiated by the arrest of the ventilatory output of Co2. The arterial PaCOCo2 rises rapidly as a result of decreased clearance of Co2 from venous blood, the concentrating effect of lung volume shrinkage and the Haldane effect from oxygenation of hemoglobin. The venous PaCOCO2 rises more slowly because of the uptake of Co2 by the tissues and the Haldane effect from reduction of oxyhemoglobin. By this mechanism the Co2 output into the lungs progressively falls and eventually stops. The cycle then is reversed and Co2 moves from lungs to arterial blood. Submitted on March 2, 1959Keywords
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