The VolumePro real-time ray-casting system

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Abstract
This paper describes VolumePro, the world's first single-chip real- time volume rendering system for consumer PCs. VolumePro im- plements ray-casting with parallel slice-by-slice processing. Our discussion of the architecture focuses mainly on the rendering pipeline and the memory organization. VolumePro has hardware for gradient estimation, classification, and per-sample Phong illu- mination. The system does not perform any pre-processing and makes parameter adjustments and changes to the volume data im- mediately visible. We describe several advanced features of Vol- umePro, such as gradient magnitude modulation of opacity and il- lumination, supersampling, cropping and cut planes. The system renders 500 million interpolated, Phong illuminated, composited samples per second. This is sufficient to render volumes with up to 16 million voxels (e.g., ) at 30 frames per second.

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