Measurement of Tobacco Smoke Exposure: Comparison of Toenail Nicotine Biomarkers and Self-Reports

Abstract
Background: Accurate measurement tools of exposure for use in large epidemiologic studies are lacking. Biomarkers of tobacco exposure provide additional advantages to self-reports and there is a need to further develop and validate them. The objective is to compare toenail nicotine levels, a novel biomarker of tobacco exposure, with self-reports of tobacco exposure from a large cohort study.