Gm Types of Greenland Eskimos

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Abstract
The Gm(ax, f, b1, s, b3)types of 796 sera from three Greenland populations were determined. This material included 93 complete families with 469 members. 656 of the sera were typed for Gm(b⁰) and fewer, selected sera for Gm(z, g, b4, t, b5). 433 individuals had been classified as of unmixed Eskimo ancestry before the present study. All except three of these 433 persons be- longed to the two Gm phenotypes (a+x–f–b1–s–b3–) and (a+x–f–b1–s+b3+). Out of the remaining 363 individuals, not classified as unmixed Eskimos, 254 belonged to the same two phenotypes; and 109 belonged to other phenotypes that can be explained by admixture of the common European Gm chromosomes f;b⁰b1b4b5b3and axz;g. The data suggest that Greenland Eskimos without European ancestors have only two common Gm chromosomes a;– (az;g) and a;sb3(az;b⁰stb5b3) with the frequencies 0.879 and 0.121 at Thule, and 0.804 and 0.191 at Angmagssalik in East Greenland. Both these chromosomes are common in Asian Mongoloids; the latter is characteristic of Mongoloids since it is virtually absent in the Caucasians and Negroes so far studied. Gm chromosomes that determine (x), (f) and (b1), although common in Europeans and Asiatic Mongoloids, are virtually absent in unmixed Greenland Eskimos.

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