Heritable Congenital Tibiofemoral Subluxation

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Abstract
1. Five patients with bilateral congenital tibiofemoral subluxations have been reported. 2. All had heritable syndromes and associated spinal defects. 3. These tibiofemoral subluxations differ from congenitally hyperextended knees with subluxation. In none of these knees was there limitation of motion. Anterior tibial subluxation occurred with active extension and reduction resulted spontaneously with flexion. 4. With extension, the thickened iliotibial band and hypertrophied biceps femoris muscle in these patients shifted anteriorly and became knee extensors due to their change in mechanical alignment. 5. Surgical release of iliotibial band and intermuscular septum with proximal transfer of the biceps femoris insertion to the vastus lateralis removed the deforming force and significantly improved these knees by eliminating the unusual subluxation.

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