The Human TFIID Components TAFII135 and TAFII20 and the Yeast SAGA Components ADA1 and TAFII68 Heterodimerize to Form Histone-Like Pairs

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Abstract
It has been previously proposed that the transcription complexes TFIID and SAGA comprise a histone octamer-like substructure formed from a heterotetramer of H4-like human hTAFII80 (or itsDrosophila melanogaster dTAFII60 and yeast [Saccharomyces cerevisiae] yTAFII60 homologues) and H3-like hTAFII31 (dTAFII40 and yTAFII17) along with two homodimers of H2B-like hTAFII20 (dTAFII30α and yTAFII61/68). However, it has not been formally shown that hTAFII20 heterodimerizes via its histone fold. By two-hybrid analysis with yeast and biochemical characterization of complexes formed by coexpression in Escherichia coli, we showed that hTAFII20 does not homodimerize but heterodimerizes with hTAFII135. Heterodimerization requires the α2 and α3 helices of the hTAFII20 histone fold and is abolished by mutations in the hydrophobic face of the hTAFII20 α2 helix. Interaction with hTAFII20 requires a domain of hTAFII135 which shows sequence homology to H2A. This domain also shows homology to the yeast SAGA component ADA1, and we show that yADA1 heterodimerizes with the histone fold region of yTAFII61/68, the yeast hTAFII20 homologue. These results are indicative of a histone fold type of interaction between hTAFII20-hTAFII135 and yTAFII68-yADA1, which therefore constitute novel histone-like pairs in the TFIID and SAGA complexes.