Measurement of bulk photovoltaic and photorefractive characteristics of iron doped LiNbO3

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Abstract
Birefringence changes induced in LiNbO3:Fe by a light beam have been measured to determine the photovoltaic characteristics such as the saturation value of space charge field, dielectric relaxation time, the probability φ of creating a free electron by an absorbed photon and the mean migration length L of the electron. These quantities are determined for different wavelengths covering the region 400–600 nm. The product φL that determines the photorefractive sensitivity of the material increases with decreasing wavelength. This increase is largely due to the increase of φ, the variation of the migration length being relatively small.