Theory of Photoelasticity in Amorphous Solids

1 June 1935

journal article
research article
Published by AIP Publishing in Journal of Applied Physics

Vol. 6 (6) , 179-184
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1745316

Abstract

The photoelastic effect in amorphous solids is caused by two effects. The elastic deformations alter the Lorentz‐Lorenz interaction between the dipoles, and in addition produce optical anisotropy of the atoms. For pressure the first effect creates positive birefringence, while the second effect gives negative birefringence. In most cases the second effect is larger. With increasing index of refraction the first effect increases faster than the second effect, and hence the photoelastic constants decrease and reversal of sign occurs. Measurements on glasses verify the theory. A uniform volume expansion of 1 percent increases the refraction of the oxygen ions by 0.4 percent and a strain of 1 percent creates an optical anisotropy of the 0 ion of about 0.7 percent. For the positive ions these effects are somewhat smaller.

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