Tilting of the light-chain region of myosin during step length changes and active force generation in skeletal muscle

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Abstract
FORCE generation and relative sliding between the myosin and actin filaments in muscle are thought to be caused by tilting of the head region of the myosin crossbridges between the filaments1–3. Structural and spectroscopic experiments have demonstrated segmental flexibility of myosin in muscle4–6, but have not shown a direct linkage between tilting of the myosin heads and either force generation or filament sliding. Here we use fluorescence polarization to detect changes in the orientation of the light-chain region of the head, the part most likely to tilt5,7,8, and synchronized head movements by imposing rapid length steps9–11. We found that the light-chain region of the myosin head tilts both during the imposed filament sliding and during the subsequent quick force recovery that is thought to signal the elementary force-generating event.