Bromate ion formation: a critical review

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Abstract
Bromate, which forms upon ozonation of water containing bromide ion, can be minimized before production by chemical or physical–hydrodynamic factors or after its formation by removal techniques.As utilities consider changing their primary disinfection practices from free chlorine to ozone in order to minimize the formation of chlorinated disinfection by‐products (DBPs), the potential for producing ozonation DBPs such as bromate ion must be addressed. Important research findings of bromate ion formation studies over the past five years, which have resulted in substantial understanding of ozone‐bromide ion interactions, are summarized. Areas of incomplete information are identified, and a complete list of references is provided.