High-Pressure Liquid Chromatographic Method for Determination of Metoclopramide in Serum, Urine, and Saliva, with a Pharmacokinetic Study in Patients

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Abstract
A method for determination of metoclopramide [a drug used to treat gastrointestinal disorders, also having extrapyramidal side-effects] in serum, urine and saliva is described that can be applied to both pharmacokinetic and clinical studies. Metoclopramide was extracted from alkalinized plasma into dichloromethane and chromatographed on a Micor-Pak Si-5 column using a mobile phase of dichloromethane/methanol/diethylamine (89:10:1, by volume). The column was maintained at 25.degree. C and the eluate monitored at 308 nm. The retention time for metoclopramide was 4.7 min. The limit of sensitivity in serum and urine was 15 nmol/l and 3 .mu.mol/l, respectively, with coefficients of variation of 5.4 and 3.84%, respectively. Recovery was in the range of 93-110% for serum and 94-103% for urine. The limit of sensitivity in saliva was 15 nmol/l. In more than 210 samples analyzed to date, the only drugs known to have interfered with the assay are .beta.-adrenoceptor blockers (e.g., propanolol). The metabolites of metoclopramide did not interfere with the quantitation of the parent drug.

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