Citrus Mealybug (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae): Behavior of Males in Response to Sex Pheromone in Laboratory and Field

Abstract
The copulatory behavior of the male citrus mealybug, Planococcus citri (Risso), encompasses a complex hierarchy of responses elicited by sex pheromone and possibly other cues. The male is an early morning flier with a flight range of at least 183 m. The male's morning activity is influenced by a scotophase period; flight and response to females were curtailed when exposed to 6 h of light before testing. The response of males to females was partially resumed when kept in constant light for > 24 h. In the field, male phenology was restricted to periods when monthly mean temperatures exceeded 5°C.

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