Monte-Carlo Simulation of the Theoretical Site Response Variability at Turkey Flat, California, Given the Uncertainty in the Geotechnically Derived Input Parameters

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Abstract
In the weak-motion phase of the Turkey Flat blind-prediction effort, it was found that given a particular physical model of each sediment site, various theoretical techniques give similar estimates of the site response. However, it remained to be determined how uncertainties in the physical model parameters influence the theoretical predictions. We have studied this question by propagating the physical parameter uncertainties into the theoretical site-response predictions using monte-carlo simulations. The input-parameter uncertainties were estimated directly from the results of several independent geotechnical studies performed at Turkey Flat. While the computed results generally agree with empirical site-response estimates (average spectral ratios of earthquake recordings), we found that the uncertainties lead to a high degree of variability in the theoretical predictions. Most of this variability comes from poor constraints on the shear-wave velocity and thickness of a thin (∼2m) surface layer, and on the attenuation of the sediments. Our results suggest that in site-response studies which rely exclusively on geotechnically based theoretical predictions, it will be important that the variability resulting from input-parameter uncertainties is recognized and accounted for.

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