New cytostatic drugs in ovarian cancer

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Abstract
Background Many ovarian cancer patients will after treatment of the recurrence with cisplatin based therapy enter phase I or II studies with new drugs. Lately, some new agents have shown activity. Materials and methods The review is based on phase II studies mainly and focuses on paclitaxel (taxol). Results A Canadian/European study of high (175 mg/ m 2 ) versus low dose (135 mg/m 2 ), and short (3 hours) versus long (24 hours) infusion confirms the reported activity of paclitaxel in previously treated patients. The preliminary overall response rate in 286 evaluable patients is 18.5%. A dose effect exists regarding neuropathy and neutropenia, and a longer infusion duration results in a higher frequency of grade 4 neutropenia. In a phase III study comparing cisplatin 75 mg/m 2 plus cyclophosphamide (750 mg/m 2 ) or plus paclitaxel 135 mg/m 2 over 24 hours, the paclitaxel-based combination gave a superior response rate (54% versus 33%) and statistically significant longer progression-free interval. The semisynthetic docetaxel (taxotere) gives an overall response rate of 32% (95% confidence interval 23%–43%). Skin toxicity and edema are dose-limiting factors. Gemcita-bine has also shown activity in platinum-resistant patients with an overall response rate of 23% (95% CI 10%–40%). Conclusions The role of new drugs in first-line therapy remains to be seen. Further development of experimental work for screening and evaluation of new agents is needed.