CARBARYL DESORPTION AND MOVEMENT IN SOIL COLUMNS

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Abstract
Carbaryl desorption from selected South Carolina [USA] soils (Lakeland s, Norfolk ls, Norfolk scl, Cecil sl, Cecil c, and Okenee sl) by added water is rectilinear for the carbaryl/soil range 1-100 .mu.mol/kg. Kb (desorption partition) values for 1/1 soil/water systems range from 0.12 for Norfolk scl (0.15% organic matter) to 3.7 for Okenee sl (5.16% organic matter). Carbaryl desorption from model soils (sand, Kb = 0.04; 80% sand plus 20% kaolin, Kb = 0.22; 98% sand plus 2% peat, Kn = 3.2; and 78% sand plus 20% kaolin plus 2% peat, Kb = 3.2) confirms the feeble restraint imposed by texture and the overriding restraint imposed by organic matter content. Kb is a nonlinear function of soil/water ratios, increasing with increasing ratios. Carbaryl movement in 1-m soil columns wet with one pore volume of water is greatest in Norfolk scl (47% of applied carbaryl in effluent) and least in Okenee sl (0% of applied carbaryl in effluent). Equilibrium distribution of carbaryl within soil columns can be predicted, approximately, from desorption data. The prediction equation utilizes Kb valuea adjusted for column section soil/water ratios.

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