Effects of carbofuran and a PCB on development of a bacteriophagous nematode Acrobeloides nanus

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Abstract
Effects of carbofuran (2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl methylcarbamate) and Aroclor 1254 (a chlorinated biphenyl) on the bacteriophagous nematode Acrobeloides nanus cultured on agar plates of Micrococcus luteus were examined. In the absence of the test chemicals the generation time of A. nanus was 6 to 7 days at 27 °C, and one female produced 2 to 3 × 105 nematodes within 1 month. The chemicals were applied to the agar surfaces at concentrations ranging from 0.77 to 3.06 μg/cm2 and their effects on A. nanus ascertained after 5, 10, or 13 days of incubation. Neither carbofuran nor Aroclor, at 3.06 μg/cm2, produced any detectable effects after 5 days of exposure. However, after 10 days, both compounds, even at 0.77 μg/cm2, caused significant decreases in all three parameters measured; namely, number and weight of nematodes and number of eggs produced. Effects increased with dose and consistently were more pronounced for carbofuran than for Aroclor. Both numbers of newly hatched progeny (F1 generation) as well as numbers of eggs produced by F1 females were decreased by carbofuran as well as Aroclor. Carbofuran produced stronger latent effects than Aroclor.

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