Phosphorylation of an acidic mol. wt. 80 000 cellular protein in a cell-free system and intact Swiss 3T3 cells: a specific marker of protein kinase C activity.

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Abstract
Activation of the endogenous Ca2+‐activated phospholipid‐dependent protein kinase (protein kinase C) by Ca2+, phosphatidylserine (PS) and phorbol dibutyrate (PBt2) in detergent‐solubilized extracts of Swiss 3T3 cells resulted in a very rapid increase (detectable within seconds) in the phosphorylation of an 80 000 mol. wt. protein (termed 80 K). Neither cyclic AMP nor Ca2+ had any effect on 80 K phosphorylation. The 80 K phosphoproteins generated after activation of protein kinase C, both in cell‐free conditions and in intact fibroblasts, are identical as judged by one and two‐dimensional polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis and peptide mapping. Prolonged treatment of cells with phorbol esters causes a selective decrease in protein kinase C activity and prevents the stimulation of 80 K phosphorylation in intact fibroblasts. We now show that extracts from PBt2‐treated cultures fail to stimulate 80 K phosphorylation after the addition of the protein kinase C activators. This effect was due to the lack of protein kinase C activity since the addition of exogenous protein kinase C from mouse brain stimulated 80 K phosphorylation in both control and PBt2‐treated preparations. The 80 K phosphoprotein generated by activation of endogenous and exogenous protein kinase C yielded similar phosphopeptide fragments after peptide mapping by limited proteolysis. We conclude that the detection of changes in the phosphorylation of 80 K provides a useful approach to ascertain which extracellular ligands activate protein kinase C in intact cells.

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