Tectonique récente et sismotectonïque des Alpes du Sud : analyses en termes de contraintes

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Abstract
Recent tectonics in the southern Alps is studied by means of a brittle microtectonics analysis. The results enable reconstruction of the stress field evolution since late Oligocène. We show that this evolution depends on the boundary conditions for each domain. The quick variation of stress directions in the Digne and Nice nappes are due to the free boundary conditions which exist in their fronts (Valensole and Var basins respectively). They have favoured gravitationnal phenomena in the uplifted inner parts of the nappes. The Castellane nappe, which is locked in its front against the Maures massif, displays a more stable stress field. The reconstruction of the quaternary stress field allows us to determine focal mechanisms of possibly active major faults. These results are compared with historical seismicity and earthquake focal mechanisms. A geodynamical model is proposed in conclusion.

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