Intraocular Pressure, Safety, and Quality of Life in Glaucoma Patients Switching to Latanoprost from Monotherapy Treatments

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Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy, safety and quality of life in ocular hypertensive or open-angle glaucoma patients who required alteration in previous therapy and were changed to latanoprost. Methods: A prospective, multicenter, active, historical controlled trial in which qualified patients had previous therapy substituted with latanoprost 0.005% and were followed for up to 6 months. Results: 3179 patients were included in the intent-to-treat analysis. In all patients latanoprost reduced the intraocular pressure (IOP) from 20.1 ± 3.9 to 17.1 ± 3.5 mm Hg (p< 0.0001) and when compared to previous monotherapies: beta-blockers (-3.0 ± 3.5, n = 1976), alpha-agonists (-3.6 ± 3.7, n = 581), miotics (-2.8 ± 3.0, n = 21), carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (-3.2 ± 3.5, n = 198), and other prostaglandin analogs (-1.6 ± 3.7, n = 402). The most common ocular adverse event with latanoprost was conjunctival hyperemia (n = 66, 2.0% incidence) and the most common systemic adverse event was headache (n = 9, 0.2%). Over the 6-month treatment interval 89.8% of patients were maintained on latanoprost. On the solicited symptom survey patients showed a preference for latanoprost compared to previous therapy for several reasons: (depending on the product) dryness, blurred vision, tearing, stinging on instillation, crusting, itching, fatigue, dizziness, despondency and dry mouth (p < 0.005). Conclusion: Latanoprost generally provides reduced IOP, limited side-effects, improvement in many quality of life measures and is maintained in patients who required a substitution from previous monotherapy.

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