Über das Vorkommen von Cholin und Betain in der Thymusdrüse und die Beziehung der beiden Basen zueinander

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Abstract
About 26 kg. of calf thymus glands were extracted with hot dilute acetic acid soln. and the soln. was precipitated with H2SO4 and phosphotungstic acid solus. The precipitate was treated with Ba(OH)2 soln., this filtrate was acidified with H2SO4, concd. in vacuo and treated with methanol to remove H2SO4. The soln. was then concd., and the residue separated into 4 fractions. Fraction J contained purine bases, fraction 2, histidine and arginine, while fraction 3 was not studied. Fraction 4, the lysine fraction, was treated with Mg aurantiate and scarlet-red crystals of choline aurantiate and a dark red aurantiate of glycocol betaine obtained. The aurantiates were decomposed and the 2 bases converted into their chlorides. Choline chloride was identified by its solubility in alcohol and its gold chloride salt (C3H14ONAuCl4). Betaine was identified by its chloride, (C5H11O2N.HCl), m.p., 233[degree]-234[degree] and its Au chloride salt (C5H11O2N.HAuCl4). The yield of choline obtained from the thymus glands was 1.03 g., and of betaine, 2.36 g. A dog, 14 kg. in wt., received a total of 56 g. choline chloride mixed with its food within 7 days. During this time and the 2 following days, the urine was collected quantitatively and acidified with H2SO4. The. total vol. of urine was 2860 ml. It was filtered through kieselguhr and treated with phosphotungstic acid. From the precipitate formed, a lysine fraction was obtained that contained choline and betaine, which were identified as above. The choline recovered in the urine was 1.145 g., or 2.04% of that fed, and the betaine, 8.49 g., which corresponded to 13.77% of the choline fed. The glycocol betaine present in the organs of mammals must be of endogenous origin, and must arise, in part at least, from choline.

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