Orointestinal yeast colonization of paediatric oncologic patients during antifungal prophylaxis: results of quantitative culture and Candida serology and comparison of three polyenes
- 1 January 1995
- Vol. 38 (1-2) , 41-49
- https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0507.1995.tb00007.x
Abstract
Summary. The orointestinal yeast colonization of 46 children with newly diagnosed malignancies was studied prospectively and longitudinally with quantitative cultures during remission induction chemotherapy. The initial colonization rate was 24%; only 28% of the patients remained free of yeasts during their entire treatment although all of them continuously received oral polyenes as antifungal prophylaxis. A randomized comparison of natamycin (suspension, lozenges), nystatin (suspension) and amphotericin B (suspension, lozenges) failed due to serious problems with patient compliance. Natamycin was best accepted by the patients and natamycin lozenges were the most efficacious drug in the oral cavity. The effectivity of the suspensions of nystatin and amphotericin B was similar; both were equally efficacious in the oral cavity and the gut. Assessment of faecal polyene concentrations by HPLC showed the highest results for amphotericin B (mean 6808 μg g‐1). Regularly performed Candida serology (indirect haemagglutination, indirect immunofluorescence and immunodiffusion precipitation) revealed significant titre increases in 63% of the patients. In six cases, the synopsis of clinical picture, culture and serology strongly suggested systemic yeast invasion.Zusammenfassung. Die orointestinale Sproß‐pilz‐Besiedlung von 46 Kindern mit neudiagnosti‐zierten Malignomen wurde während der Remissionsinduktionschemotherapie prospektiv longitudinal mit quantitativen Kulturen untersucht. Die initiale Besiedlungsrate betrug 24%; nur 28% der Patienten blieben pilzfrei während der gesamten Behandlung, obwohl alle Patienten kontinuierlich prophylaktisch ein orales Polyen‐Antimykotikum erhielten. Der Versuch, randomisiert Natamycin (Suspension, Lutschtabletten), Nystatin (Suspension) und Amphotericin B (Suspension, Lutschtabletten) zu vergleichen, scheiterte an erheblichen Problemen mit der Patientencompliance. Natamycin wurde von den Patienten am besten akzeptiert, und Natamycin‐Lutschtabletten waren in der Mundhöhle das effektivste Mittel. Die Wirksamkeit der Suspensionen von Nystatin und Amphotericin B war ähnlich; beide waren gleich effektiv in Mundhöhle und Darm. Die Messung der Polyen‐Stuhlkonzentrationen mittels HPLC ergab die höchsten Werte für Amphotericin B (Mittelwert 6808 μg g‐1). Regelmäßige Candida‐serologische Begleituntersuchungen (indirekte Hämagglutination, indirekte Immunofluoreszenz und Immun‐diffusionspräzipitation) zeigten signifikante Titeranstiege bei 63% der Patienten. In sechs Fallen ergab die Synopse von Klinik, Kultur und Serologie starke Verdachtsmomente fur eine systemische SproBpilz‐Invasion.Keywords
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