From gene families and genera to incomes and internet file sizes: Why power laws are so common in nature
- 20 December 2002
- journal article
- research article
- Published by American Physical Society (APS) in Physical Review E
- Vol. 66 (6) , 067103
- https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.66.067103
Abstract
We present a simple explanation for the occurrence of power-law tails in statistical distributions by showing that if stochastic processes with exponential growth in expectation are killed (or observed) randomly, the distribution of the killed or observed state exhibits power-law behavior in one or both tails. This simple mechanism can explain power-law tails in the distributions of the sizes of incomes, cities, internet files, biological taxa, and in gene family and protein family frequencies.Keywords
This publication has 16 references indexed in Scilit:
- On the Size Distribution of Live GeneraJournal of Theoretical Biology, 2002
- On the Rank‐Size Distribution for Human SettlementsJournal of Regional Science, 2002
- The Pareto, Zipf and other power lawsEconomics Letters, 2001
- The Web's hidden orderCommunications of the ACM, 2001
- The power of designNature, 2000
- A simple explanation for taxon abundance patternsProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 1999
- Growth dynamics of the World-Wide WebNature, 1999
- The Fractal Geometry of EvolutionJournal of Theoretical Biology, 1993
- Self-organized criticality: An explanation of the 1/fnoisePhysical Review Letters, 1987
- II.—A mathematical theory of evolution, based on the conclusions of Dr. J. C. Willis, F. R. SPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Containing Papers of a Biological Character, 1925