Transport and Retention of K + and Other Metabolites in a Marine Pseudomonad and Their Relation to the Mechanism of Optical Effects

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Abstract
Suspensions of cells of a marine pseudomonad washed with 0.05 m MgSO4 showed an immediate increase in optical density (first-phase optical change) when the salt concentration of the suspending medium was increased; a subsequent slow decrease in optical density (second-phase optical change) occurred if K+ was present. The rate of the second-phase change was similar to the rate of uptake of 42K+ by the cells. Glutamate increased the rate and extent of the second-phase change and produced a parallel increase in the rate and extent of uptake of 42K+. Citrate increased the extent of the second-phase change in cells adapted to oxidize citrate but not in unadapted cells. Adapted, but not unadapted, cells accumulated 14C-citrate. The nonmetabolizable α-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB) also increased the extent of the second-phase change under conditions leading to the uptake of 14C-AIB by the cells. Cells maintained in a salt solution optimal for the retention of intracellular solutes were found to contain 0.184 m K+. In the same salt solution, cells preloaded with 42K+ retained the isotope, but they lost it rapidly when suspended in 0.05 m MgSO4. The second-phase changes can be accounted for by the energy-dependent accumulation in an osmotically active form of K+ and other metabolites by cells depleted of intracellular solutes.