Quantum electrodynamic theory of voltage carrying states in a current biased Josephson weak link

Abstract
The Feynman path integral formulation of the Josephson effect is applied to the problem of the influence of quantum electrodynamic fluxoid tunnelling on the characteristics of a current biased, singly connected, Josephson weak link. The well known Josephson voltage biased frequency effect, 4GwV=(2eV/h(cross)), has a natural duality extension to a current bias frequency effect omega I=( pi I/e).