Characterization of photodynamic and sonodynamic cytotoxicity by fluorescent probes

Publisher Website
Google Scholar
Abstract
A variety of porphyrins and related structures can sensitize cells to light; many of these agents can also promote ultrasound-induced cytotoxicity. Subcellular sites of localization sensitizers with a sufficient fluorescence yield can be assessed by fluorescence microscopy, but this becomes difficult when (Phi) F is low. We have explored several indirect procedures for assessing examining loci of photodamage and sonodamage. Damage to lysosomal structures was probed with acridine orange, mitochondria with Rhodamine 123 and the plasma membrane with several diphenylhexatriene (DPH) derivatives. Additional information on alterations in heterogeneity of binding of diphenylhexatriene derivatives to photodamaged cells was provided by a distributed fluorescent lifetime study. Using a sulfonated benzochlorin, which photosensitizes cell-surface loci, we evaluated four DPH derivatives for their sensitivity to membrane damage. Anionic or cationic DPH derivatives were the most sensitive in this regard. Enhanced cytotoxicity associated with ultrasound + porphyrins yielded no detectable effects on mitochondrial or lysosomal structures, and barely detectable changes in membrane interactions with DPH derivatives, suggesting an 'all or none' effect.

This publication has 0 references indexed in Scilit: