Importance of sodium and glucose for the establishment of a villous tissue hyperosmolality by the intestinal countercurrent multiplier

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Abstract
The intestinal countercurrent multiplier was shown to create an increased tissue osmolality in the villi. The importance of varying the luminal contents on the creation of the villous hyperosmolality was investigated in cats using the cryoscopic technique. The perfusion solutions used contained 0, 25 or 147 mmol Na/l and were either provided with mannitol or glucose (30 mmol/l). Na was of particular importance for the establishment of the villous hyperosmolality while glucose only contributed significantly at low luminal Na concentrations. Glucose, only in the absence of Na in the luminal perfusate, may effectively participate in the generation of the villous tissue hyperosmolality via countercurrent multiplication.