Coupling the electronic and optical problems in semiconductor quantum well laser simulations

Abstract
We discuss some of the methods for 2D self-consistent simulation of semiconductor quantum-well lasers. First, the electronic and optical parts are each treated separately, then the coupling of the two problems is addressed. We briefly discuss the evolution of self-consistent laser simulation up to its present level, and some of the electronic transport concerns are discussed in greater detail. Transport in bulk regions and at heterojunctions, and the coupling of classical and quantum regions are each presented separately. Then, we review the approaches to the solution of the eigenvalue problem for the optical field. Finally, to illustrate the issues involved in coupling electronic and optical solutions, we introduce a model laser structure in which the optical field is poorly confined in the lateral direction, and the different confinement mechanisms are discussed. We then present calculations showing how gain can contribute to the lateral confinement of the fundamental cavity mode.

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