An Escherichia coli mutant resistant to phleomycin, bleomycin, and heat inactivation is defective in ubiquinone synthesis

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Abstract
A mutant of Escherichia coli, selected for resistance to the antibiotic and antitumor agent phleomycin, has been characterized, and the phleomycin resistance determinant has been identified. The mutant is equally resistant to bleomycins. The resistance to phleomycin is strongly dependent on the nature of the C-terminal amine of the drug, with the greatest resistance being shown to phleomycins and bleomycins with the most basic terminal amines. The mutation also confers resistance to the lethal effects of heating at 52 degrees C. Other characteristics of the phleomycin-resistant strain include a slow growth rate, an inability to grow on succinate as the sole carbon source (Suc- phenotype), cross resistance to aminoglycoside antibiotics, and a slight sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide, methyl methanesulfonate, and gamma-irradiation. Some of these characteristics, together with mapping data, suggested that the phleomycin resistance and Suc- determinant probably lies within the ubiF gene coding for an enzyme effecting a step in the biosynthesis of ubiquinone. The phenotypes of known mutants defective in this and other steps of the ubiquinone pathway were found to be closely similar to those of the original phleomycin-resistant strain.