Photophase and Testicular Recrudescence in European Starlings

Abstract
Photoperiodism and its effects on sexual cycles in the European starling were discussed. Photoperiodism classification of the starling based on testicular metamorphosis was examined. Histological specimens were also analyzed. The starling may exhibit primary photoperiodism. The photosexual response system in European starlings, particularly the ways in which starlings may differ from many other photoperiodic avian species was studied.