Non-Group A rotavirus infection associated with severe gastroenteritis in a bone marrow transplant patient

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Abstract
Rotaviruses are double stranded RNA viruses which are recognized as etiologic agents of gastroenteritis in humans and a wide range of animal species.1–3 Individuals who are immunocompromised because of congenital conditions, tumors or cytolytic preparation for bone marrow transplantation appear to be at high risk for prolonged or serious rotavirus infections.4,5 A number of rotavirus strains have been discovered that are antigenically distinct from the rotaviruses that cause infantile gastroenteritis. Pedley et al. (6) have grouped these according to antigenic cross-reactivity, electropherotypes and terminal fingerprint patterns of genome segments. In this system the rotavirus commonly associated with human gastroenteritis is called Group A rotavirus. Group B and C rotaviruses have also been described in humans, most notably in the human Group B epidemics of gastroenteritis in China.7–13 However, their role in human disease outside of China is still undetermined. We report a case of a non-Group A rotavirus (NGARV) infection associated with serious illness in an immunocompromised patient.

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