The occurrence of mugineic acid in the rhizosphere soil of barley plant

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Abstract
A method of extraction of phytosiderophores from soils was developed. By this method, the contribution of each phytosiderophore to the plant iron status could be determined. It was observed that the ammonium carbonate extraction recovered 76–99% of mugineic acid and 84–116% of 2-deoxymugineic acid. The variability coefficient of the extraction was in the order of 9% for mugineic acid and 10% for 2-deoxymugineic acid. We observed that phytosiderophores are easily decomposed by soil microorganisms. Under nonsterilized conditions, the concentration of mugineic acid decreased from 20.6 to 5.8 μg/g soil after 12 h of incubation at room temperature. We detected mugineic acid in the rhizosphere soil of both chlorotic and healthy barley plants at a concentration in the range of 10-6 m. The chelated Fe with mugineic acid may mainly meet the requirement of the plant for Fe to achieve adequate growth. The reasons why mugineic acid was present in the rhizosphere soil of barley were also discussed.